智能传感器理论基础及应用书籍 电子工业出版社 fb2 pdf azw3 网盘 rtf 免费 下载 txt

本书系统、全面地阐述了智能传感器理论基础及应用技术，全书内容共7 章，第1 章绪论，介绍智能 传感器的历史背景及发展现状；第2 章智能传感器智能化功能及其实现技术，重点介绍智能传感器的基本功能、数据处理方式及其实现途径；第3 章智能传感器信息处理技术，介绍预测滤波器、时-频分析法、数据驱动法、熵方法、模式识别法5 种智能传感器信息处理技术；第4 章自确认传感器技术，介绍自确认传感器原理、结构、自确认传感器方法、主要功能；第5 章智能声发射传感器及其应用，介绍智能声发射传感器检测术及其在轴承故障诊断系统中的应用；第6 章智能气体传感器及其应用，介绍智能气体传感器技术及其在大气污染物检测中的应用；第7 章智能压力传感器及其应用，介绍智能压力传感器技术及其在火箭发动机试验台系统中的应用。

目 录

第1 章 绪论 ···············································································································.1

1.1 传感器技术概述 ································································································.1

1.2 现代传感器技术 ···································································································.2

1.2.1 现代传感器技术特征 ····················································································.2

1.2.2 集成/固态传感器的特点 ··············································································.2

1.3 智能传感器概述 ······································································································.3

1.3.1 智能传感器的定义 ························································································.3

1.3.2 智能传感器的特点 ·····························································································.5

1.3.3 智能传感器的组成 ·····························································································.6

1.3.4 智能传感器的形式 ···························································································.7

1.3.5 传感器智能化的途径 ·························································································.8

1.3.6 智能传感器的发展及趋势······················································································.8

1.3.7 智能传感器的开发重点 ························································································.9

1.4 智能传感器中的软件方法 ························································································.9

1.4.1 软件子模块 ·······································································································.10

1.4.2 预处理 ··············································································································.10

1.4.3 状态监测与故障检测模块 ······················································································.11

1.5 智能传感器的实现方式 ··························································································.12

1.5.1 非集成化智能传感器 ···················································································.12

1.5.2 集成化智能传感器 ·······················································································.12

1.5.3 智能传感器混合集成 ·······················································································.13

参考文献 ·················································································································.14

第2 章 智能传感器智能化功能及其实现技术 ·····························································.15

2.1 智能传感器的基本功能 ······················································································.15

2.1.1 智能传感器的自检技术 ··················································································.15

2.1.2 智能传感器的自动校准技术 ··········································································.20

2.1.3 智能传感器的量程自动转换技术········································································.23

2.1.4 智能传感器的标度变换技术 ··············································································.26

2.2 智能传感器测量数据处理 ·····················································································.28

2.2.1 测量数据的非数值处理 ·····················································································.28

2.2.2 系统误差的数据处理 ·······················································································.33

2.2.3 随机误差的数据处理 ·················································································.42

参考文献 ···········································································································.45

第3 章 智能传感器信息处理技术 ···········································································.46

3.1 概述 ·············································································································.46

3.2 预测滤波器 ····································································································.46

3.2.1 多项式预测滤波器 ··············································································.46

3.2.2 灰色预测滤波器 ····························································································.47

3.3 时–频分析法 ·········································································································.50

3.3.1 小波包分析 ·································································································.50

3.3.2 经验模态分解 ····························································································.51

3.3.3 集合经验模态分解 ·······················································································.52

3.3.4 互补集合经验模态分解 ···············································································.54

3.4 数据驱动法 ····································································································.55

3.4.1 主成分分析 ································································································.55

3.4.2 动态主成分分析 ·························································································.57

3.4.3 独立成分分析 ·························································································.58

3.4.4 核主成分分析 ··························································································.59

3.4.5 非负矩阵分解 ····························································································.61

3.4.6 稀疏非负矩阵分解 ····················································································.63

3.5 熵方法 ·········································································································.66

3.5.1 能量熵 ····································································································.67

3.5.2 样本熵 ······································································································.68

3.5.3 排列熵 ····································································································.71

3.5.4 多尺度熵 ··································································································.72

3.6 模式识别法 ·······························································································.73

3.6.1 k 最近邻域 ·····························································································.73

3.6.2 层次支持向量多分类机 ·········································································.74

3.6.3 多分类相关向量机 ·····················································································.77

3.6.4 随机森林分类器 ·······················································································.79

3.6.5 稀疏表示分类器 ····························································································.80

参考文献 ···············································································································.82

第4 章 自确认传感器技术 ······················································································.85

4.1 概述 ··········································································································.85

4.2 自确认传感器原理 ·························································································.86

4.2.1 自确认传感器功能结构模型 ········································································.86

4.2.2 自确认传感器的输出参数 ·················································································.88

4.2.3 自确认传感器的研究内容 ····················································································.89

4.3 常用的自确认传感器方法 ·········································································.93

4.3.1 传感器故障检测与隔离方法 ··········································································.93

4.3.2 传感器故障诊断方法 ·················································································.95

4.3.3 传感器故障恢复方法 ··············································································.97

4.3.4 传感器测量质量评估方法 ·············································································.102

4.4 自确认传感器结构 ··························································································.107

参考文献 ··········································································································.110

第5 章 智能声发射传感器及其应用 ········································································.115

5.1 声发射信号 ····································································································.115

5.1.1 声发射源 ···························································································.115

5.1.2 声发射信号基本概念 ·············································································.116

5.1.3 声发射信号特征及表征参数 ································································.117

5.2 智能声发射传感器概述 ················································································.119

5.2.1 智能声发射传感器分类 ·············································································.119

5.2.2 智能声发射传感器原理 ··············································································.120

5.2.3 智能声发射传感器结构 ···············································································.121

5.3 智能声发射传感器检测技术 ·············································································.122

5.3.1 声发射技术原理 ······················································································.122

5.3.2 声发射信号处理方法 ·················································································.123

5.3.3 声发射无损检测技术的优势及应用 ·····························································.125

5.4 智能声发射传感器在滚动轴承故障检测中的应用 ··················································.126

5.4.1 故障滚动轴承的声发射信号 ····································································.126

5.4.2 故障特征提取 ·························································································.127

5.4.3 滚动轴承声发射信号智能故障诊断模型 ····················································.133

参考文献 ······································································································.142

第6 章 智能化气体传感器及其应用 ··································································.143

6.1 气体传感器概述 ························································································.143

6.2 智能气体传感器精度提升算法 ·········································································.144

6.2.1 气体传感器选择性改善方法 ·····································································.145

6.2.2 气体传感器温/湿度补偿方法 ······································································.155

6.3 智能气体传感器数据恢复方法 ·······································································.160

6.3.1 相关向量机基本理论 ···············································································.160

6.3.2 相关向量机核函数选择 ···············································································.162

6.3.3 基于相关向量机的气体传感器故障数据恢复 ·················································.164

6.4 智能气体传感器的故障诊断 ··················································································.168

6.4.1 气体传感器故障模式分析 ···············································································.168

6.4.2 气体传感器在线故障检测 ········································································.170

6.4.3 基于核主成分分析的气体传感器故障特征提取 ···················································.173

6.4.4 基于多分类相关向量机的气体传感器故障诊断 ··························································.176

参考文献 ···············································································································.179

第7 章 智能压力传感器及其应用 ·········································································.180

7.1 压力传感器工作原理概述 ···············································································.180

7.2 压力传感器的故障模式 ·················································································.180

7.2.1 常见压力传感器的故障类型 ·····································································.180

7.2.2 压力传感器的故障模式分类 ·······························································.182

7.3 智能压力传感器故障诊断方法 ··········································································.182

7.3.1 基于多尺度主成分分析的故障诊断方法 ························································.183

7.3.2 基于小波包的多尺度主成分分析故障诊断方法 ············································.187

7.4 故障诊断方法仿真验证 ·····················································································.188

7.4.1 基于小波变换的多尺度主成分分析诊断方法仿真验证 ········································.188

7.4.2 基于小波包的MSPCA 诊断方法仿真验证 ·······················································.195

7.5 基于径向基函数（RBF）神经网络的数据恢复方法 ·············································.199

7.5.1 RBF 神经网络原理概述 ·················································································.199

7.5.2 RBF 神经网络结构 ··················································································.200

7.5.3 RBF 神经网络的学习算法 ············································································.201

7.5.4 压力传感器数据恢复仿真研究 ································································.202

参考文献 ·····································································································206

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