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　　In 1202, zealous western Christians gathered in Venice

determined to liberate Jerusalem from the grip of Islam. But the

crusaders never made it to the Holy Land. Steered forward by the

shrewd Venetian doge, they descended instead on Constantinople,

wreaking devastation so terrible and inflicting scars so deep that

as recently as 2001 Pope John Paul II offered an apology to the

Greek Orthodox Church.

The crusaders spared no one: They raped and massacred thousands,

plundered churches, and torched the lavish city. A prostitute

danced on the altar of the ravaged Hagia Sophia. And by 1204,

barbarism masquerading as piety had shattered one of the great

civilizations of history. Here, on the eight hundredth anniversary

of the sack, is the extraordinary story of this epic catastrophe,

told for the first time outside of academia by Jonathan Phillips, a

leading expert on the crusades.

Knights and commoners, monastic chroniclers, courtly troubadours,

survivors of the carnage, and even Pope Innocent III left vivid

accounts detailing the events of those two fateful years. Using

their remarkable letters, chronicles, and speeches, Phillips traces

the way in which any region steeped in religious fanaticism, in

this case Christian Europe, might succumb to holy war. --This text

refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title.

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　　Jonathan Phillips, a senior lecturer in medieval history at

Royal Holloway, University of London, is the author of a number of

books on the crusades, including Defenders of the Holy Land and The

Crusades: 1095–1197. Phillips’s articles have appeared in BBC

History, History Today, and the Independent.

　　Phillips is a frequent guest on Radio 4 and BBC World Service, as

well as England’s Channel 4, the BBC, The History Channel, and PBS.

--This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of

this title.

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