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　　Henri Matisse is one of the masters of twentieth-century art

and a household word to millions of people who find joy and meaning

in his light-filled, colorful images--yet, despite all the books

devoted to his work, the man himself has remained a mystery. Now,

in the hands of the superb biographer Hilary Spurling, the unknown

Matisse becomes visible at last.

Matisse was born into a family of shopkeepers in 1869, in a

gloomy textile town in the north of France. His environment was

brightened only by the sumptuous fabrics produced by the local

weavers--magnificent brocades and silks that offered Matisse his

first vision of light and color, and which later became a familiar

motif in his paintings. He did not find his artistic vocation until

after leaving school, when he struggled for years with his father,

who wanted him to take over the family seed-store. Escaping to

Paris, where he was scorned by the French art establishment,

Matisse lived for fifteen years in great poverty--an ordeal he

shared with other young artists and with Camille Joblaud, the

mother of his daughter, Marguerite.

But Matisse never gave up. Painting by painting, he struggled

toward the revelation that beckoned to him, learning about color,

light, and form from such mentors as Signac, Pissarro, and the

Australian painter John Peter Russell, who ruled his own art colony

on an island off the coast of Brittany. In 1898, after a dramatic

parting from Joblaud, Matisse met and married Amélie Parayre, who

became his staunchest ally. She and their two sons, Jean and

Pierre, formed with Marguerite his indispensable intimate

circle.

From the first day of his wedding trip to Ajaccio in Corsica,

Matisse realized that he had found his spiritual home: the south,

with its heat, color, and clear light. For years he worked

unceasingly toward the style by which we know him now. But in 1902,

just as he was on the point of achieving his goals as a painter, he

suddenly left Paris with his family for the hometown he detested,

and returned to the somber, muted palette he had so recently

discarded.

Why did this happen? Art historians have called this regression

Matisse's "dark period," but none have ever guessed the reason for

it. What Hilary Spurling has uncovered is nothing less than the

involvement of Matisse's in-laws, the Parayres, in a monumental

scandal which threatened to topple the banking system and

government of France. The authorities, reeling from the divisive

Dreyfus case, smoothed over the so-called Humbert Affair, and did

it so well that the story of this twenty-year scam--and the

humiliation and ruin its climax brought down on the unsuspecting

Matisse and his family--have been erased from memory until

now.

It took many months for Matisse to come to terms with this

disgrace, and nearly as long to return to the bold course he had

been pursuing before the interruption. What lay ahead were the

summers in St-Tropez and Collioure; the outpouring of "Fauve"

paintings; Matisse's experiments with sculpture; and the beginnings

of acceptance by dealers and collectors, which, by 1908, put his

life on a more secure footing.

Hilary Spurling's discovery of the Humbert Affair and its effects

on Matisse's health and work is an extraordinary revelation, but it

is only one aspect of her achievement. She enters into Matisse's

struggle for expression and his tenacious progress from his

northern origins to the life-giving light of the Mediterranean with

rare sensitivity. She brings to her task an astonishing breadth of

knowledge about his family, about fin-de-siècle Paris, the

conventional Salon painters who shut their doors on him, his

artistic comrades, his early patrons, and his incipient rivalry

with Picasso.

In Hilary Spurling, Matisse has found a biographer with a

detective's ability to unearth crucial facts, the narrative power

of a novelist, and profound empathy for her subject.

From the Hardcover edition.

Illustrations

Family Tree

Preface

CHAPTER ONE · 1869—1881: Bohain-en-Vermandois

CHAPTER TWO · 1882—189l: Bohain and St-Quentin

CHAPTER THREE · 1891-1895: Paris

CHAPTER FOUR" 1895—1896: Belle-Ile-en-Mer

CHAPTER HVE. 1897—t898: Paris, Belle-Ite and London

C,APTER SIX · 1898—1899: Ajaccio and Toulouse

CHAPTER SEVEN · 19oo-19o2: Paris

CHAPTER EI6HT · 1902—1903: Paris and Bohain

CHAPTER NINE · 1904: St-Tropez

CHAPTER TEN · 1905: Collioure

CHAPTER ELEVEn · t906—1907: Paris, Algeria and Collioure

CHAPTER TWELVE · 1907—1908: Paris, Collioure, Italy and

Germany

Key to Notes

Notes

Index

　　Hilary Spurling was born in England and educated at Oxford

University. She has been theater critic and literary editor of The

Spectator, is now a regular book reviewer for the Daily Telegraph,

and has written biographies of Ivy Compton-Burnett and Paul Scott.

She lives in London.From the Hardcover edition.

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　　Matisse was born in 1869 in northern France and grew up in

Bohain-en-Vermandois, near the Belgian border, on the drab, cold,

wet beet fields of French Flanders. The same area, culturally and

geographically speaking, had produced Vincent van Gogh sixteen

years before. Thus begins the first full biography of an artist

who, more than any other, is associated with Mediterranean heat,

brilliant color and light, and languid, luxurious interiors. As

author Hilary Spurling points out, an open window is one of

Matisse's frequent motifs. Given the climate of his youth, that

image speaks more of escape than of the sea air of the French

Riviera.

　　If all biographers wrote with Spurling's warmth, empathy, and

intelligence, no one would likely want to read any other kind of

book. The Unknown Matisse is thoroughly researched, with pages

devoted to minutiae that Spurling imparts with wit and style,

making every nuance of Matisse's early development fascinating. She

tells too the story of Matisse's family life (Mme. Matisse risked

her respectable reputation by adopting Henri's first, illegitimate

daughter), his brilliant ideas about art, and the years it took for

his paintings to find their rightful audience. It was her intention

finally to give as much weight to Matisse's life as has been given

to his work, but in the process of examining the man she sheds new

light on the art as well. --Peggy Moorman

书籍介绍

Henri Matisse is one of the masters of twentieth-century art and a household word to millions of people who find joy and meaning in his light-filled, colorful images--yet, despite all the books devoted to his work, the man himself has remained a mystery. Now, in the hands of the superb biographer Hilary Spurling, the unknown Matisse becomes visible at last.

Matisse was born into a family of shopkeepers in 1869, in a gloomy textile town in the north of France. His environment was brightened only by the sumptuous fabrics produced by the local weavers--magnificent brocades and silks that offered Matisse his first vision of light and color, and which later became a familiar motif in his paintings. He did not find his artistic vocation until after leaving school, when he struggled for years with his father, who wanted him to take over the family seed-store. Escaping to Paris, where he was scorned by the French art establishment, Matisse lived for fifteen years in great poverty--an ordeal he shared with other young artists and with Camille Joblaud, the mother of his daughter, Marguerite.

But Matisse never gave up. Painting by painting, he struggled toward the revelation that beckoned to him, learning about color, light, and form from such mentors as Signac, Pissarro, and the Australian painter John Peter Russell, who ruled his own art colony on an island off the coast of Brittany. In 1898, after a dramatic parting from Joblaud, Matisse met and married Amélie Parayre, who became his staunchest ally. She and their two sons, Jean and Pierre, formed with Marguerite his indispensable intimate circle.

From the first day of his wedding trip to Ajaccio in Corsica, Matisse realized that he had found his spiritual home: the south, with its heat, color, and clear light. For years he worked unceasingly toward the style by which we know him now. But in 1902, just as he was on the point of achieving his goals as a painter, he suddenly left Paris with his family for the hometown he detested, and returned to the somber, muted palette he had so recently discarded.

Why did this happen? Art historians have called this regression Matisse's "dark period," but none have ever guessed the reason for it. What Hilary Spurling has uncovered is nothing less than the involvement of Matisse's in-laws, the Parayres, in a monumental scandal which threatened to topple the banking system and government of France. The authorities, reeling from the divisive Dreyfus case, smoothed over the so-called Humbert Affair, and did it so well that the story of this twenty-year scam--and the humiliation and ruin its climax brought down on the unsuspecting Matisse and his family--have been erased from memory until now.

It took many months for Matisse to come to terms with this disgrace, and nearly as long to return to the bold course he had been pursuing before the interruption. What lay ahead were the summers in St-Tropez and Collioure; the outpouring of "Fauve" paintings; Matisse's experiments with sculpture; and the beginnings of acceptance by dealers and collectors, which, by 1908, put his life on a more secure footing.

Hilary Spurling's discovery of the Humbert Affair and its effects on Matisse's health and work is an extraordinary revelation, but it is only one aspect of her achievement. She enters into Matisse's struggle for expression and his tenacious progress from his northern origins to the life-giving light of the Mediterranean with rare sensitivity. She brings to her task an astonishing breadth of knowledge about his family, about fin-de-siècle Paris, the conventional Salon painters who shut their doors on him, his artistic comrades, his early patrons, and his incipient rivalry with Picasso.

In Hilary Spurling, Matisse has found a biographer with a detective's ability to unearth crucial facts, the narrative power of a novelist, and profound empathy for her subject.